The Ocean in Crisis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The Ocean in Crisis - Research study ExampleIn some places like arid desert where fresh water is not pronto available, ocean water serves as a lifeline for societies who can decrease its salt content to a safe level. Humanitys dependence on the oceans is not a recent development, but has existed for thousands of years, perpetually since man first realized that he could master the resources that the ocean has to offer. Humans are not beyond that basic dependence on regulation and equilibrium in how they interact with the vast oceans of earth. Unfortunately, much of this equilibrium between the health of oceans and the health of civilizations has disappeared in the last century, with the rise of grave threats to the worlds seas. Problems much(prenominal) as panelingification, climate change, pollution, and overfishing let resulted in the need for civilizations to rethink how they exploit the oceans to support necessary institutions. Of course, the institution of these threats is not always clear, so the pur localise of this paper is to elucidate some of the inevitable dangers humans pose to the oceans and how those dangers can be reversed. Acidification Acidification is a process of decreasing the pH level of some substancein this case, earths oceans. The process of acidification is occurring at a faster rate because of higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Because levels of carbon dioxide in the earths atmosphere remain relatively stable, the excess carbon dioxide is taken up by the oceans (Raven and Falkowski). Dissolved carbon dioxide produces acids such as carbonic acid and bicarbonate. A dispirit pH has the effect of making ocean waters more acrid, which means most importantly that nautical calcifying organisms such as corals, crustaceans, echinoderms, mollusks, foraminifera, and others will be vulnerable to the negative effects of a more acidic ocean. Fundamental disruptions to the ecosystems of these organisms that lie at the bottom of the oceans food chain will have profound, and most likely irreversible, influences life in the ocean (Nienhuis, Palmer and Harley 10). Keith Sherwood and Craig Idso argue against those who claim ocean acidification poses a earthshaking problem to earths largest ecosystem based on a review by Hendriks et al., published in 2010. According to the report, warnings that ocean acidification poses a significant long-term threat to marine biodiversity are based on theoretical models that do not account for numerous biological phenomena and are not supported by empirical observation. According to Sherwood and Idso, biological processes are capable of homeostasis against significant changes in pH levels within the go astray predicted during the 21st century. However, the essential contradiction here is that the proof being offered by Sherwood and Idso is based on the homogeneous theoretical models that they claim are not supported by empirical observation earlier that is, the double predicted during the 21st century is a prediction based on a theoretical model of how acid levels in the bulk waters of the oceans will change. A major problem Sherwood and Idso do not cross is whether predictions about acid level increases are actually reliable when by their own admission, Sherwood and Idso do not think so. Perhaps acid levels will rise much more than predicted, which would call into the question their conclusion that homeostasis can make up the difference. Climate Change Climate change and ocean acidificati